Inverter y'amashanyarazi ni iki?
Inverter y'amashanyarazi ni igikoresho gihindura ingufu za DC (zizwi kandi nka direct current), kikajya ku ngufu zisanzwe za AC (alternating current). Inverter zikoreshwa mu gukoresha ibikoresho by'amashanyarazi bivuye ku ngufu zikorwa na bateri y'imodoka cyangwa ubwato cyangwa ingufu zishobora kuvugururwa, nka panels z'izuba cyangwa turbine z'umuyaga. Ingufu za DC ni zo bateri zibika, mu gihe ingufu za AC ari zo ibikoresho byinshi by'amashanyarazi bikenera gukora bityo inverter ikaba ikenewe kugira ngo ihindure ingufu mu buryo bushobora gukoreshwa. Urugero, iyo telefoni igendanwa ishyizwe mu cyuma cy'itabi cy'imodoka kugira ngo ishyurwe, itanga ingufu za DC; izi ngufu zigomba guhindurwa ku ngufu za AC zisabwa na inverter y'amashanyarazi kugira ngo ishyure telefoni.
Uburyo Inverters zikora
Ingufu za DC zirahamye kandi zihoraho, hamwe n'amashanyarazi atembera mu cyerekezo kimwe gusa. Iyo umusaruro w'ingufu za DC ugaragazwa ku gishushanyo, umusaruro uba umurongo ugororotse. Ku rundi ruhande, ingufu za AC zitembera zigaruka n'iza mu byerekezo bisimburana ku buryo, iyo zigaragazwa ku gishushanyo, zisa n'umuraba wa sine, ufite imisozi n'ibibaya byoroshye kandi bisanzwe. Inverter y'ingufu ikoresha imiyoboro y'amashanyarazi kugira ngo itume umuvuduko w'ingufu za DC uhindura icyerekezo, bigatuma zisimburana nk'ingufu za AC. Izi ngendo zirakomeye kandi zikunda gukora ishusho y'umuraba kare aho kuba uruziga, bityo rero hakenewe filters kugira ngo umuraba ugende neza, wemererwe gukoreshwa n'ibikoresho byinshi by'ikoranabuhanga.
Inverters z'amashanyarazi zikora bumwe mu bwoko butatu bw'ibimenyetso by'imiraba y'amashanyarazi.
Buri kimenyetso kigaragaza ubwiza bw'ingufu zisohoka. Itsinda rya mbere ry'inverters zakozwe ubu zitagikoreshwa ryatanze ikimenyetso cya Square Wave. Ibimenyetso bya Square Wave byatanze ingufu zitari zizewe cyangwa zihoraho. Ikimenyetso cya kabiri cy'urumuri ni Modified Square Wave izwi kandi nka Modified Sine Wave. Modified Square Wave Inverters ni zo zikunzwe cyane kandi zitanga ingufu zihamye zishobora gukoresha ibikoresho byinshi by'amashanyarazi bisanzwe. Pure Sine Wave inverters zitanga ikimenyetso cyizewe kandi gihoraho cy'urumuri. Ibi bituma bihenze cyane kugura. Ibikoresho bimwe na bimwe byoroheje nk'ibikoresho bishobora kongera gukoreshwa n'ibikoresho byo kwa muganga bisaba inverters za Pure Sine Wave.
Inverters z'amashanyarazi ziza mu buryo butandukanye n'ubushobozi butandukanye.
Ubwoko busanzwe ni udusanduku duto tw’urukiramende dufite insinga n’agasanduku gafatanye gashobora gushyirwa mu mwanya w’icyuma gitanga itabi ku ibaraza ry’imodoka. Hari ubwoko bumwe bufite insinga zo gupfunyika zishobora guhuzwa neza n’aho bateri zihagarara. Agasanduku gasanzwe gafite aho gupfunyika ibikoresho byawe by’amashanyarazi. Ushobora gukoresha icyuma gitanga umuriro mu modoka yawe cyangwa mu bwato bwawe ku bikoresho by’amashanyarazi nka mudasobwa zigendanwa, ibyuma by’imikino ya videwo, televiziyo nto cyangwa DVD player. Bifasha kandi mu bihe byihutirwa iyo habayeho ikibazo cy’ibura ry’amashanyarazi. Ni kandi isoko y’ingufu z’ingirakamaro mu ngendo zo gutembera, ku mucanga no muri pariki aho amashanyarazi asanzwe adahari. Igikoresho gitanga umuriro gishobora no gukoreshwa mu duce dufite umuriro udahindagurika.
Inverter ihujwe na bateri n'isoko nyamukuru ry'amashanyarazi.
Iyo hari amashanyarazi, sisitemu igenewe gusharija bateri kugira ngo zibike umuriro, kandi iyo habayeho ibura ry'umuriro, inverter ikura umuriro wa DC muri bateri ikawuhindura AC kugira ngo ikoreshe umuriro mu rugo. Ubushobozi bwa inverter y'amashanyarazi ni bwo bugena ubwoko n'umubare w'ibikoresho ishobora gukoresha mu gutanga umuriro. Moderi zitandukanye mu bushobozi bwa wattage kandi ugomba kumenya neza ko ubona inverter ijyanye n'ibyo ukeneye.
Igihe cyo kohereza ubutumwa: 15 Nyakanga-2013